Spring Material Properties

Material	Music Wire ASTM A 228	Hard Drawn ASTM A 277	High Tensile Hard Drawn ASTM A 679	Oil Tempered ASTM A 229	Carbon Valve ASTM A 230
Nominal Analysis	C -- .70 - 1.00% Mn -- .20 - 60%	C -- .45 - .85% Mn -- .60 - 1.30%	C -- .65 - 1.00% Mn -- .20 - 1.30%	C -- .55 - .85% Mn -- .60 - 1.20%	C -- .60 - .75% Mn -- .60 - .90%
Minimum Tensile Strength	230-399	CLI 147-283 CLII 171-324	238-350	CLI 165-293 CLII 191-324	215-240
Modulus of Elasticity E psi x 103	30	30	30	30	30
Design Stress % Minimum Tensile	45	40	45	45	45
Modulus in Torsion G psi x 106	11.5	11.5	11.5	11.5	11.5
Maximum Temp. °F	250	250	250	250	250
Maximum Temp. °C	121	121	121	121	121
Rockwell Hardness	C41-60	C31-52	C41-60	C42-55	C45-49
Method of Manufacture Chief Uses Special Properties	Cold drawn. High and uniform tensile. High quality springs and wire forms.	Cold drawn. Average stress applications. Lower cost springs and wire forms.	Cold drawn. Higher quality springs and wire forms.	Cold drawn and heat treated before fabrication, General purpose spring wire.	Cold drawn and heat treated before fabrication. Suitable for cyclic applications.

Alloy Steel Wire			Stainless Steel Wire
Material	Chrome Vanadium ASTM A 231	Chrome Silicon ASTM A 401	AISI 302/304 ASTM A 313	AISI 316 ASTM A 313	17-7 PH ASTM A 313 (631)
Nominal Analysis	C -- .48 - .53% Cr -- .80 - 1.10% V -- .15 min%	C -- .51 - .59% Cr -- .60 - .80% Si -- 1.20 - 1.60%	Cr -- 17.0 - 19.0% Ni -- 8.0 - 10.0%	Cr -- 16.0 - 18.0% Ni -- 10.0 - 14.0% Mo -- 2.0 - 3.0%	Cr -- 16.0 - 18.0% Ni -- 6.5 - 7.5% Al -- .75 - 1.5%
Minimum Tensile Strength	190-300	235-300	125-325	110-245	Cond CH 235-335
Modulus of Elasticity E psi x 103	30	30	28	28	29.5
Design Stress % Minimum Tensile	45	45	30-40	40	45
Modulus in Torsion G psi x 106	11.5	11.5	10	10	11
Maximum Temp. °F	425	475	550	550	650
Maximum Temp. °C	218.5	246	288	288	343
Rockwell Hardness	C41-55	C48-55	C35-45	C35-45	C38-57
Method of Manufacture Chief Uses Special Properties	Cold drawn and heat treated before fabrication. Used for shock loads and moderately elevated temperature.	Cold drawn and heat treated before fabrication. Used for shock loads and moderately elevated temperature.	Cold drawn, general purpose, corrosion and heat resistant. Magnetic in spring temper.	Cold drawn. Heat resistant and better corrosion resistance than 302. Magnetic in spring temper.	Cold drawn & precipitation hardened after fabrication. High strength and general purpose corrosion resistance. Slightly magnetic in spring temper.

Material	Phosphor Bronze Grade A ASTM B 159	Beryllium Copper ASTM B 197	Monel 400 AMS 7233	Monel 400 AMS 7233
Nominal Analysis	Cu -- 94.0% - 96.0% Sn -- 4.0 - 6.0%	Cu -- 98.0% Be -- 2.0%	Ni -- 66.0% Cu -- 31.5% C/Fe	Ni -- 65.0% Cu -- 29.5% C/Fe/A/Ti
Minimum Tensile Strength	105-145	150-230	145-180	160-200
Modulus of Elasticity E psi x 103	15	18.5	26	26
Design Stress % Minimum Tensile	40	45	40	40
Modulus in Torsion G psi x 106	6.25	7.0	9.5	9.5
Maximum Temp. °F	200	400	450	550
Maximum Temp. °C	93.8	204	232	288
Rockwell Hardness	B98-104	C35-42	C23-32	C23-35
Method of Manufacture Chief Uses Special Properties	Cold drawn. Good corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity.	Cold drawn and may be mill hardened before fabrication. Good corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. High physicals.	Cold drawn. Good corrosion resistance at moderately elevated temperature.	Excellent corrosion resistance at moderately elevated temperature.

Material	A 286 Alloy	Inconel 600 QQ-W-390	Inconel 718	Inconel X-750 AMS 5698, 5699
Nominal Analysis	Ni -- 26.0% Cr -- 15.0% Fe -- 53.0%	Ni -- 76.0% Cr -- 15.8% Fe -- 7.2%	Ni -- 52.5% Cr -- 18.6% Fe -- 18.5%	Inconel X-750 AMS 5698,5699
Minimum Tensile Strength	160-200	170-230	210-2500	No.IT 155 min. Spg.T 190-230
Modulus of Elasticity E psi x 103	29	31	29	31
Design Stress % Minimum Tensile	35	40	40	40
Modulus in Torsion G psi x 106	10.4	11.0	11.2	12
Maximum Temp. °F	950	700	1100	750-1100
Maximum Temp. °C	510	371	593	399-593
Rockwell Hardness	C35-42	C35-45	C45-50	C34-39 C42-48
Method of Manufacture Chief Uses Special Properties	Cold drawn and precipitation hardened after fabrication. Good corrosion resistance at elevated temperature.	Cold drawn. Good corrosion resistance at elevated temperature.	Cold drawn and precipitation hardened after fabrication. Good corrosion resistance at elevated temperature.	Cold drawn and precipitation hardened after fabrication. Good corrosion resistance at elevated temperature.